In his book, A Devil’s Chaplain: Reflections on Hope, Lies, Science, and Love, the ardent evolutionary atheist, Richard Dawkins, writes:
Why has our society so meekly acquiesced in the convenient fiction that religious views have some sort of right to be respected automatically and without question? If I want you to respect my views on politics, science, or art, I have to earn that respect by argument, reason, eloquence or relevant knowledge. I have to withstand counter-arguments. But if I have a view that is part of my religion, critics must respectively tiptoe away or brave the indignation of society at large. Why are religious opinions off limits in this way? Why do we have to respect them simply because they are religious?
While he wrongly concludes that there is no evidence for religion and, therefore, it should not be respected, he has a good point nonetheless. In the pluralistic age in which we live everybody believes we ought to respect what other people believe, even if we think their views are mistaken. While we should tolerate the individual who holds to flawed religious beliefs, why should we have to respect their views if they do not reflect reality? Why shouldn’t we press people to justify their beliefs with sound reason and good evidence; and if they can’t, tell them their views are mistaken, if not ridiculous? Would we do any less to the person who believes he is a bird who can fly, or who claims water freezes in the oven? Then why won’t we expose errors and absurdities when it comes to religion? Have we bought into the idea that it is wrong to tell someone they are mistaken? Have we bought into the idea that religious claims are beyond testing? Or could it be that we don’t have the goods to defend our own faith, and fear that the tables might be turned on us if we pressed others to the task? As Yoda would say, “Faith with no evidence you have, hmm?”
Dawkins may be the devil’s chaplain, but he has something to teach us here. Christianity should not be taken seriously if we cannot justify our claims through argument, reason, and relevant knowledge; Christianity should not be taken seriously if it cannot withstand counter-arguments to our faith. If you are going to communicate Christ to a non-Christian culture but do not have the relevant knowledge to argue the case for Christ and defend Christianity against the counter-arguments of its detractors, why should the culture take your claims seriously? Why should they become Christians? How are they to know that your claims about Christ are true, as opposed to other religious claims? Why should they privilege Christianity above other religious views? Just as you would not buy a product from a salesman who didn’t know anything about his product, and could not show why it was better than the competition’s, likewise, the lost world is not going to buy Christianity from an ambassador of Christ who doesn’t know much about his product, and cannot show why it is better than the others.
After nearly 10 years of studying philosophy and apologetics, I am absolutely persuaded that Christianity has the goods necessary to demonstrate that it is true, and can be successfully defended against counter-arguments. I am a Christian—not because I have shut my eyes to other philosophies and religions—but because I have examined them and compared them to Christianity, and found all but Christianity to be lacking. Christianity is a rational religion because our God is a rational God who has not left us without witness of His existence, nor of His acts in history. The evidence is out there. We simply have to make the time to find it through personal study. In doing so we will both glorify God, and we will equip ourselves to be better ambassadors for Christ.
October 16, 2009 at 4:16 pm
If I may play devil’s advocate here (pun intended)–why is it necessary, for a claim to be taken seriously, that it be justified “through argument, reason, and relevant knowledge”? Would it not be circular to use “argument, reason, and relevant knowledge” to defend the authority of “argument, reason, and relevant knowledge”? If so, to what other authority can we appeal? What role, if any, does the will have when we are forming and maintaining our beliefs? Is the problem really that unbelievers need good reasons to become Christians, or simply that they are unwilling?
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October 17, 2009 at 11:05 am
Why has our SECULAR society so meekly acquiesced in the convenient fiction that EVOLUTIONARY views have some sort of right to be respected automatically and without question? If I want you to respect my views on politics, science, or art, I have to earn that respect by argument, reason, eloquence or relevant knowledge. I have to withstand counter-arguments. But if I have a view that is part of my THEORY OF EVOLUTION, critics must respectively tiptoe away or brave the indignation of society at large. Why are EVOLUTIONARY opinions off limits in this way? Why do we have to respect them simply because they are TREATED IN SOME CIRCLES AS SCIENTIFIC?
Get my point?
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October 17, 2009 at 6:24 pm
L.Grace,
Good point. Of course, there is some evidence in behalf of the theory, but it’s not adequate to carry the weight of the theory.
Jason
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October 17, 2009 at 6:31 pm
Altheist,
Welcome back! Haven’t heard from you in a while.
You are right. There are some truths that do not require justification, such as intuitions and properly basic beliefs or intuitions. Our logical intuitions cannot be proven, but without them nothing can be proven. The same goes for our moral intuitions. They are prima facie justified. Properly basic beliefs such as the belief that the world was not created five minutes ago with the mere appearance of age cannot be proven. But not all beliefs are of this nature. While I agree with Alvin Plantinga that belief in God may indeed be a properly basic belief, as William Lane Craig points out, there is a difference between how we know Christianity to be true, and how we show it to be true. Our personal belief in God might be properly basic, and as such we are justified in our belief, but that will not help someone who does not already share our belief to come to the same belief. We may need to present rational arguments for him to see the truth of God’s existence and the message of Christianity.
Yes, the will is a huge factor in all of this. Many people refuse Jesus for volitional reasons, rather than intellectual reasons. There’s no doubt about that. But there are people who are open to God’s existence and the truth of Christianity who do not believe in Christianity because they don’t see any reason to do so, or because they have been given what they think are rational defeaters of Christian theism. For such people, giving reasons for Christian theism can prove very fruitful. There are many people who can testify to this–people who were atheists but converted to Christianity upon hearing the evidence.
Jason
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February 26, 2010 at 11:27 am
I realize this is an old post, but after browsing by and reading both article and comments, I thought I’d drop my two cents on the table.
While I’m all for rationality and logic, I’m unsure how logic and rationale will vouchsafe the grand basis of Christianity. The Incarnation, Vicarious Atonement, Resurrection, Remission of Sins, Holy Spirit Baptism…these are things beyond redaction to philosophical concepts.
One may effectively argue for Christianity’s place in the world, and for the civilizing benefits of the Faith…no matter how corrupted it was. However, the very core of Christianity simply cannot be proven by conventional methods. Neither Christ nor His apostles espoused this method. Instead, they performed miracles and by them demonstrated that what they claimed was true.
It boils down to this; we resort to reason and intellect when we are without power. Demonstration is always more convincing than argument.
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February 26, 2010 at 1:22 pm
Dennis,
Thanks for your comments. I largely agree with you. Not every Christian doctrine can be proven rationally, but that doesn’t mean no Christian doctrine can. And in many cases, a doctrine/revelation that cannot be rationally verified is dependent on a doctrine/revelation that can. So for example, I cannot possibly prove rationally that Jesus died and rose again as an atonement for sins. But I can provide rational and historical argumentation that Jesus died and was resurrected.
Other doctrines like the incarnation also cannot be proven philosophically or historically, but we show that the doctrine is philosophically sound. For example, philosophy is used by most theologians to one degree or another to explain how it can be that Jesus is both fully God and fully man simultaneously.
Christianity has never been, and should never be viewed as a philosophical system. While I think philosophy and rationality are great tools in support of the Christian faith, they are limited, and they should be used primarily in defense of Christianity/theism against detractors (i.e. they do not constitute the message of the church, but are tools we can use when after preaching the Gospel we are confronted with objections to it that impede one’s coming to faith).
Jason
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